Article I — National Policy on Software and Systems

1. 1.

   All governmental, educational, and public institutions of the Principality shall give preference to open-source software and open standards permitting public audit, interoperability, and long-term independence from proprietary control.

2. 2.

   Closed-source software may be employed only where no suitable open-source alternative exists, or where expressly authorised by the Office of Digital Infrastructure.

3. 3.

   All newly developed or procured systems shall conform to principles of transparency, modular design, and secure lifecycle management.