Article 14 — Public and Private Capacity

1. 1.

   The private acts of the Sovereign shall not bind the State unless expressly undertaken in the Sovereign’s public capacity.

2. 2.

   An act shall be deemed undertaken in public capacity when it is issued as an Act of State, bears the Great Seal or other authorised authentication, or is otherwise clearly expressed to be made on behalf of the State.

3. 3.

   In case of doubt, an act of the Sovereign shall be construed as private and shall not impose obligations upon the State.

4. 4.

   The private estate of the Sovereign and of members of the Royal House is separate from the Sovereign Domain and is governed by private law and Royal House Law.

5. 5.

   The State shall not be liable for private debts or obligations of the Sovereign or members of the Royal House, except as expressly assumed in public capacity.